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RE: Assessing Maltreatment Status
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>There is some literature on this topic, including
evidence that some portion of participants have found it HELPFUL to
participate. <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>These ideas and some
of the major literature <span class=GramE>is</span> discussed in my recent
article:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Fontes, </span></font><st1:City><st1:place><font
size=4 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:blue'>L.A.</span></font></st1:place></st1:City><font size=4 color=blue
face=Arial><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'> (2004).
Ethics in Violence <span class=GramE>Against</span> Women Research: The
sensitive, the dangerous, and the overlooked. <u>Ethics & Behavior, 14</u>(2),
141-174.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>This has info which may be helpful to <span
class=SpellE>IRBs</span> and to researchers trying to think through the ethical
issues in VAW and CM research, or sensitive research in general.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Lisa<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>-----Original Message-----<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>From:</span></b>
owner-CHILD-MALTREATMENT-RESEARCH-L@cornell.edu [mailto:owner-CHILD-MALTREATMENT-RESEARCH-L@cornell.edu]
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Amy Shadoin<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, April 11, 2005 1:13
PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Child Maltreatment Researchers<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> RE: Assessing
Maltreatment Status</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Marion,</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Recently
we conducted a telephone survey on willingness to pay for prevention/intervention
services for child abuse that included questions on previous abuse
experiences. We took two steps to reduce the likelihood of adverse
reactions on the part of survey respondents. One dealt
with wording of our items and the other with providing additional
information in a debriefing at the end of the survey. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>We adapted question
wording such that items asked "if you <u>or anyone close to you</u> had <u>ever</u>
experienced X". Although this gave us less specific information than
we would have liked, it also maximized
respondents anonymity such that we were not able
to identify whether they were referring to themselves or
someone else, and we didn't know about the timeframe of the abuse
incident. We felt that this would allow our respondents to maintain
some emotional distancing from any intrusive thoughts provoked by our
questions. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Because we were concerned
about being able to respond appropriately to possible clinical and
protection needs for those who indicated they or someone close to them had
experienced an abuse episode, as our last question on the survey
we asked respondents if they would like more information about how to
report child maltreatment and domestic violence as well as where to locate
additional information about these topics and how to obtain referrals for
counseling services in their area. For everyone who indicated they
would like this information, we provided information customized to
the appropriate county or state agencies for their geographical area
on dealing with child abuse and/or family violence in a debriefing at the
end of the survey. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Amy Shadoin</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>National Children's
Advocacy Center</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
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<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma'>-----Original Message-----<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>From:</span></b>
owner-CHILD-MALTREATMENT-RESEARCH-L@cornell.edu
[mailto:owner-CHILD-MALTREATMENT-RESEARCH-L@cornell.edu] <b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Marion Burke<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Saturday, April 09, 2005
9:46 AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Child Maltreatment Researchers<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Assessing Maltreatment
Status</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Dear List serve members,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>I am a graduate student at Capella
University, currently finalizing my dissertation proposal that examines the
differential outcomes of single versus multiple child abuse and neglect
experiences. I intend to use the Comprehensive Child Maltreatment Scale (CCMS)
for Adults (Higgins & McCabe, 2001) </span></font><font face=Arial><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:11.5pt;font-family:Arial'>in order</span></font><font
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial'> to assess abuse/non-abuse status in
an Internet community sample. The CCMS is a </span></font><font face=Arial><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:11.5pt;font-family:Arial'>retrospective self-report
measure of childhood abuse and neglect experiences designed for a nonclinical
population. The department chair of my specialization, who is not familiar with
the child maltreatment literature, is concerned that the use of this measure
may cause potential problems due to the sensitive nature of the questions. He
is worried that </span></font><font face=Arial><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>participants may have adverse reactions to this
questionnaire, and that potential legal ramifications may result. Here is where
I need some input:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Does
anyone have knowledge of or has had experiences with participants who had
adverse reactions to questionnaires that are used to retrospectively establish
maltreatment status? Does anyone have knowledge of legal consequences that
resulted due to the use of such questionnaires? What precautions could be taken
to reduce the likelihood of adverse reactions to sensitive questions? What
options do I have to assess for abuse histories without the use of such
questionnaires?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Any
feedback on this issue would be greatly appreciated.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Best
regards,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Marion
Burke<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>PhD
Learner<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Capella
University<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.5pt;font-family:Arial'>Higgins, D. J., & McCabe, M.
P. (2001). The development of the comprehensive child maltreatment scale. <i><span
style='font-style:italic'>Journal of Family Studies, 7 (1),</span></i> 7-28</span></font><br
style='mso-special-character:line-break'>
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