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RE: reunification rates for substance exposed infants
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<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Bill,</FONT></SPAN>
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<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Not only does it vary by state, it varies by county, agency, and CPS worker. The same is true for even testing for prenatal exposure in the first place (ranging from never to always, with most doing "targeted" and thus inevitably biased testing), for reporting positive tox screens to CPS, and for CPS getting involved at all. </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">As you know, there are great variations in views regarding the nature of substance abuse (punishable crime vs. treatable disease) and the personhood of the fetus. As you also probably know, there's a huge disconnect between public perceptions of the dangers of illicit drug exposure and their actual risks. More importantly, prenatal tobacco exposure is equally (albeit minimally) harmful and far more prevalent, and alcohol exposure is both more prevalent and places the fetus at greater risk. The result of all this, alas, is mass confusion and highly inconsistent practices.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Some of the</FONT><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> references</FONT><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> below may be helpful. Good luck.</FONT></SPAN>
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<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Steve Ondersma</FONT></SPAN>
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<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">_______________________________________________________________________</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Steven J. Ondersma, PhD, LP, Assistant Professor</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences and Obstetrics & Gynecology</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Wayne State University School of Medicine</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">2761 E. Jefferson Ave.</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Detroit, MI 48207</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Phone: (313) 577-6680</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Fax: (313) 993-1372</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">sondersm@med.wayne.edu</FONT></SPAN>
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<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT FACE="Times New Roman">Frank, D. A., Augustyn, M., Knight, W. G., Pell, T., & Zuckerman, B. (2001). Growth, development, and behavior in early childhood following prenatal cocaine exposure: a systematic review.<I> Journal of the American Medical Association, 285</I>(12), 1613-1625.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT FACE="Times New Roman">Ondersma, S. J., Malcoe, L. H., & Simpson, S. M. (2001). Child protective services' response to prenatal drug exposure: Results from a nationwide survey.</FONT><I> <FONT FACE="Times New Roman">Child Abuse & Neglect, 25</FONT></I><FONT FACE="Times New Roman">(5), 657-668.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT FACE="Times New Roman">Ondersma, S. J., Simpson, S. J., Brestan, E. V., & Ward, M. (2000). Prenatal drug exposure and social policy: The search for an appropriate response.</FONT><I> <FONT FACE="Times New Roman">Child Maltreatment, 5</FONT></I><FONT FACE="Times New Roman">, 93-108.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN>
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<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">-----Original Message-----</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">From: owner-CHILD-MALTREATMENT-RESEARCH-L@cornell.edu [<A HREF="mailto:owner-CHILD-MALTREATMENT-RESEARCH-L@cornell.edu";>mailto:owner-CHILD-MALTREATMENT-RESEARCH-L@cornell.edu</A>] On Behalf Of bill higgins</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Sent: Tuesday, February 24, 2004 3:41 PM</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">To: Child Maltreatment Researchers</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Subject: reunification rates for substance exposed infants</FONT></SPAN>
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<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Where can I find the percentage of substance exposed</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">children returned home? I would like to also know if</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">this percentage varies by state? Thank you in</FONT></SPAN>
<BR><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">advance.</FONT></SPAN>
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<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">B. Higgins</FONT></SPAN>
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<P><SPAN LANG="en-us"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">__________________________________</FONT></SPAN>
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